A poll by the Polish research centre CBOS finds that 45.4 % of respondents see the Volyn tragedy as the main reason for the worsening attitude toward Ukrainians in Poland.

Other cited reasons are social support for Ukrainians in Poland (36.4 %), Russian propaganda (26.2 %) and statements by Ukrainian politicians about Poland (24.4 %). The survey indicates that the historical issue continues to significantly shape Poles’ views of Ukrainians even amid the full‑scale war.